· Born in France; has lived in Quebec since 1967

· Lived in Africa, worked in Switzerland and taught English in Japan

· Has held diverse jobs and has an interest in public administration and how it can be improved through new thinking

· Received a Bachelor’s degree in History from the University of Ottawa in 1992

· Earned a Master’s degree in Public Administration from the École nationale d’administration publique (ENAP) in Quebec City in 2004.