In this May 9, 2013 file photo, a worker pushes shopping carts in front of a Wal-Mart store in La Habra, Calif. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. says it will be testing its grocery delivery service with ride-hailing companies Uber and Lyft in the next two weeks in Denver and Phoenix.Jae C. Hong/The Associated Press
Wal-Mart says it intends to join the list of retailers in Canada that don't accept Visa cards, citing high fees for transactions. It's a move a retail analyst has said will cause "pain on all sides."
All credit cards charge fees to retailers, which generally are between one per cent and 2.5 per cent of the cost of what's being sold. The fees depend on the type of card the customer is using – cash-back and premium cards generally have higher fees – and the type of retailer they're shopping at.
Wal-Mart Canada quietly made the announcement on Saturday that it would gradually stop accepting Visa cards at all of its locations, citing "unacceptably high" fees.
But a statement from Visa said the credit card company offered Wal-Mart "one of the lowest rates available to any merchant in the country."
Doug Stephens, a Toronto-based retail analyst and strategist, noted that both sides will likely see disadvantages to this deal.
"If you can't walk into a mass merchant and use a Visa card, that's going to seem very strange," Stephens said.
"You can't ignore the fact that Visa has a tremendous market share," he said. But he added, "If you do business with Wal-Mart, and Wal-Mart ceases to do business with you, you can't help but feel that."
Consumer finance industry newsletter Nilson Report says that Visa made up 56 per cent of credit card transactions globally in 2015, and Wal-Mart Stores Inc., Wal-Mart Canada's parent company, is widely reported to be the world's largest retailer.
"At the end of the day, when we strip everything out of the debate, we're dealing with the potential that six out of ten customers will come into a Wal-Mart store and be disappointed that they can't use their credit card," Stephens said. "Competition is extremely tough. This is not a good time to limit your consumer's ability to buy from you."
He pointed out that this isn't the first time the two titans have clashed – in the U.S., Wal-Mart is currently suing Visa for the methods it uses to verify transactions, and the companies have also reportedly butted heads over fees, although American stores will still accept Visa cards despite the change in Canada.
He said Wal-Mart's analysts have likely crunched the numbers, and determined that without having to pay Visa's fees, which the company characterized as "unacceptably high," it would stand to make more money than it loses.
While debit cards charge only a couple of cents to retailers per transaction, no matter how much money is being spent, merchants get charged a percentage of what they sell to customers using credit cards.
Documents on Visa Canada's website show that for standard retail purchases made in-store, fees range from 1.42 to 2.08 per cent. Meanwhile, MasterCard's website shows that for standard purchases at independent retailers, its fees range from 1.44 to 2 per cent.
But MasterCard also offers lower rates to large retailers – as low as 1.26 per cent for those that have a minimum "net purchase volume" of $3-billion.
According to the statement posted on Wal-Mart's website, the first stores to stop accepting Visa will be in Thunder Bay, Ont., starting July 18. After that, it will be rolled out Canada-wide in phases.
A representative from Wal-Mart said the company chose to start in Thunder Bay because the stores in the northern Ontario city have the infrastructure to easily make the change. He said Wal-Mart started informing Thunder Bay customers of the change on Thursday.
Wal-Mart has more than 400 locations in Canada, and more than 11,500 worldwide.
Wal-Mart isn't the first store to stop accepting Visa – No Frills doesn't accept Visa or American Express, saying that they are too expensive for their business. And Costco only accepts MasterCard.
Wal-Mart says it will continue to accept MasterCard, American Express and Discover cards.
A representative from Visa Canada said in a written statement that the company "regrets" Wal-Mart's decision, and that it will have a "negative impact" on Wal-Mart's shoppers.
Wal-Mart Canada said it's holding out hope that it can "reach an agreement" with Visa for lower fees.