WASHINGTON — Barack Obama all but erased Hillary Rodham Clinton's once-imposing lead among national convention superdelegates on Friday and won fresh labour backing as elements of the Democratic party began coalescing around the Illinois senator for the fall campaign.
Mr. Obama picked up the backing of nine superdelegates, including Representative Donald Payne of New Jersey, a member of the Congressional Black Caucus who had been a Clinton supporter.
In addition, the American Federation of Government Employees announced its support for Mr. Obama. The union claims about 600,000 members who work in the federal and Washington, D.C., governments.
Mr. Obama, who won a convincing victory in the North Carolina primary and lost Indiana narrowly on Tuesday, has been steadily gaining strength in the days since.
"I'm gratified that we've got some superdelegates who are coming our way. And I think we've got a strong case to make that I will be a nominee that can pull the party together and take on John McCain. Our focus has always been on the pledged delegates and just getting the American people to vote for us. And we think that ultimately that should be the strongest measure of who's the nominee," Mr. Obama told reporters in Woodburn, Ore.
Ms. Clinton also gained two superdelegates.
The developments left Ms. Clinton with 272.5 superdelegates, to 271 for Mr. Obama. Little more than four months ago, on the eve of the primary season, she held a lead of 169-63.
Superdelegates are party leaders who attend the convention by virtue of their positions, and are not selected in primaries and caucuses.
The half-superdelegate comes from Democrats Abroad, an expatriate group that will send 22 delegates to the Democratic national convention, each with half a vote.
In an interview with National Public Radio, former candidate John Edwards said Ms. Clinton has made a compelling case for her candidacy, but "I think it's very hard for her now to make a compelling case for the math. I mean, I think that's the reality of what she's faced with. She knows that. ... It's just very hard to see how the math works."
In addition to Mr. Payne, Representatives Peter DeFazio of Oregon and Mazie Hirono of Hawaii, two members of the Democratic National Committee from California and a party official in South Carolina announced they were supporting Mr. Obama. Superdelegates from New Mexico and Virginia also joined the migration.
So, too, John Gage, president of the AFGE.
"Our people, I think, recognize the enthusiasm and vitality behind Senator Obama's campaign," he said in a statement.
"The election is over, everybody knows that. Obama has won," said Vernon Watkins, one of the two Californians.
"After careful consideration, I have reached the conclusion that Barack Obama can best bring about the change that our country so desperately wants and needs," said Mr. Payne, who in a statement said that Ms. Clinton is a good friend and he still holds her in high regard.
Mr. Payne is one of at least 10 superdelegates who have switched allegiances from Ms. Clinton to Mr. Obama. None have publicly switched the other way.
In the overall race for the nomination, Mr. Obama leads with 1,859.5 delegates, to 1,698 for Ms. Clinton. Mr. Obama is just 165.5 delegates short of the 2,025 delegates needed to win it.
Both Mr. Obama and Ms. Clinton have courted superdelegates in recent days in private meetings at party headquarters not far from the Capitol.
Despite Mr. Watkins's assessment, Ms. Clinton has shown no signs she is ready to quit the race. She is heavily favoured to win Tuesday's primary in West Virginia, and is in the midst of a two-day swing through several other states with upcoming elections.
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