Hundreds of people line up outside a Kentucky Career Center hoping to find assistance with their unemployment claim in Frankfort, Ky., on June 18, 2020.Bryan Woolston/Reuters
The number of Americans filing new claims for unemployment benefits hovered at high levels last week, suggesting the labour market recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic was stalling.
The weekly jobless claims report from the U.S. Labor Department on Thursday, the most timely data on the economy’s health, followed news last Friday of a further slowdown in employment growth in August and an increase in permanent job losses.
The ebb in momentum comes as government financial aid to businesses and the unemployed dries up, and talks for another package go nowhere. At least 29.6 million people were on unemployment benefits in August.
“Layoffs remain widespread and the labour market remains in a fragile place at a critical juncture,” said Nancy Vanden Houten, lead U.S. economist at Oxford Economics in New York. “Failure on the part of policy makers to enact another fiscal relief package poses significant downside risks to the economy and labour market.”
Initial claims for state unemployment benefits were unchanged at a seasonally adjusted 884,000 for the week ending Sept. 5. Claims dropped from about one million the prior week after the government changed the methodology it used to address seasonal fluctuations in the data, which had become less reliable given the economic shock from the coronavirus crisis.
Economists polled by Reuters had forecast 846,000 applications in the latest week. With changes to seasonal factors out of the way, economists expect claims, which have declined from a record 6.867 million at the end of March, to drift around current levels for a while as the pandemic lingers.
Unadjusted initial claims increased 20,140 to 857,148 last week. A total 838,916 applications were received for the government-funded pandemic unemployment assistance last week.
The PUA is for the self-employed, gig workers and others who do not qualify for the regular state unemployment programs. Altogether, 1.7 million people filed claims last week.
Government money was credited for the sharp rebound in economic activity, starting with record retail sales growth in May. A US$600 weekly unemployment supplement expired in July. Though President Donald Trump extended it through an executive order, it was cut to US$300 and a few states are offering the supplement. Economists expect funding for the supplement will be exhausted this month.
A loan program for businesses lapsed last month, and money to help airlines with payrolls and protect jobs will run out this month. Airlines, including United Airlines and American Airlines, have announced furloughs and job cuts.
There have also been layoffs at oilfield services and equipment companies.
Stocks on Wall Street were little changed. The dollar fell against a basket of currencies. U.S. Treasury prices slipped.
Economists expect the labour market will take years to return to its prepandemic levels.
The claims report also showed the number of people receiving benefits after an initial week of aid increased 93,000 to 13.4 million in the week ending Aug. 29. Though the continuing claims were likely boosted by California’s bi-weekly filing system, the rise fit in with a slowing labour market.
“It looks like the trends for both initial and continuing claims filings have flattened out lately after a period with more notable declines,” said Daniel Silver, an economist at JPMorgan in New York. “This is broadly consistent with the idea that the labour market recovery has lost momentum lately.”
The government reported last week that the economy created 1.371 million jobs in August after adding 1.734 million in July. About 10.6 million of the 22.2 million jobs lost at the depth of the coronavirus crisis have been recovered.
The claims data showed the number of people receiving unemployment benefits under all programs increased 380,379 to 29.6 million in the week ending Aug. 22. Economists say this number is a better measure of the labour market’s health.
It includes the PUA and another government-funded program for individuals who have exhausted their eligibility for the regular unemployment insurance, 26 weeks in most states.
While the labour market is slowing, inflation is steadily firming. In a separate report on Thursday, the Labor Department said its producer price index for final demand increased 0.3 per cent last month after surging 0.6 per cent in July. There was a solid gain in the prices of services hardest hit by the pandemic.
In the 12 months through August, the PPI fell 0.2 per cent after dropping 0.4 per cent in the 12 months through July.
Excluding the volatile food, energy and trade services components, producer prices rose 0.3 per cent in August, advancing by the same margin for three straight months. In the 12 months through August, the core PPI gained 0.3 per cent. The core PPI edged up 0.1 per cent on a year-on-year basis in July.
“Inflation isn’t completely dead,” said Chris Rupkey, chief economist at MUFG in New York.
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